The spread of HIV epidemics globally has increasingly drawn attention to the interaction between HIV and the “classic” sexually transmitted infections (STIs). A consensus has grown that other STIs increase the spread of HIV, following on from the early epidemiologic studies that explored the epidemiologic synergy between STIs and HIV.
However, the interaction of the many STIs with HIV is potentially complex, with the possibility of reciprocal influences on susceptibility, infectiousness, and the natural history of infections.
There is growing evidence of a significant burden of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and associated disease in men.
HIV infection increases HPV prevalence, incidence and persistence and is strongly associated with the development of anogenital warts as well as anal, penile, head and neck cancers in men. Despite increasing access to antiretroviral therapy, there appears to be little benefit in preventing the development of these cancers in HIV-positive men, making prevention of infection by vaccination and information, a priority.
The authors present a 4 years revised casuistic as a reference laboratory center in sexually transmitted infection diseases diagnosis.
Male samples were tested by HPV-molecular and conventional-cytology methods. HPV molecular methods used where: Hybrid Capture 2 (hc2, Digene) ; Clart human papillomavirus 2 (Genomica) and PapilloCheck .The cytological results were registered with comprehensive classification system, multi-axial nomenclature SNOMED. The diagnosis of “classic” sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as Herpes Simplex virus 1 and 2,Syphilis,Gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma infections statistics were used for data analysis; the Fisher exact test was employed to assess the association between categorical variables. P-values (2-sided test) less than 0.05 were considered significant.
The results obtained for the incidence of most frequent HPV genotypes in men and MSM are in agreement with several studies. Type 16 was consistently found among the most common; however, other types were also reported (types 6, 11, 18, 31, 33, 42, 52, 53, 54, 59, and 84) but a shift possibility can occur with universalization of the vaccine. HPV infection appears to occur early in MSM. The majority of MSM followed in Proctology consult first diagnosed for anal or perianal condyloma was offered starting HPV vaccination. It will be an interesting development of this work, following up some of these patients and document relapsing and the HPV genotypes evolved after complete vaccination squemes.